I heard someone at an energy conference refer to a study that showed that going to a one size thicker wire in a home — I am assuming on the American wire gauge, AWG, system — will lead to a significant drop in home electrical energy usage. I write "significant" because the percentage was so big I can’t remember it exactly.
I heard someone at an energy conference refer to a study that showed that going to a one size thicker wire in a home — I am assuming on the American wire gauge, AWG, system — will lead to a significant drop in home electrical energy usage. I write "significant" because the percentage was so big I can’t remember it exactly.
WILL THE POWER CONSUMED BY A SPECIFIC ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE OVER TIME i.e. ENERGY BE REFLECTED IN THE METER.
A 100 WATT BULB LEFT ON FOR 1 HOUR USES 100 WATT-HOURS OF ENERGY (.1 KILOWATT-HOURS). WILL THE METER ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE HOUSE REFLECT THIS OR BE SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER?
With the operative word being "significant", the answer for residential applications is "NO".
There are some losses in the wiring in your home, but based on residential loads, this value is rather minimal.
All practical conductors have some resistance to them. Ohm’s Law tells us that if we pass a current through a "resistor", there is a voltage drop. E = I x R. For example, you might have 120 volts at the service entrance panel, but on the other side of the house the voltage might drop to 117 V when a large appliance is running.
Some people refer to these as the I²R losses. Current squared times the conductor resistance.
I recall an article several years ago where they did a case study with the lighting circuits in a commercial building. Since non-residential electric rates include a demand charge, the article described how increasing the wiring by one size could lower the customer’s kW demand charge along with lowering the kWh losses associated with the voltage drop in the line. In the example, the customer had dedicated lighting circuits with signifcant load that was on for 8000 hours a year. That’s over 90% of the year!
See the link below for similar examples and calculations. Sorry, but the link from the Copper Development Association (CDA) is not working. I’ve included the link below in the event it begins working the future.
——— "Additional Details" comments
A 100 watt lightbulb does not always consumes 100 watts. In reality the bulb’s filiment has a specific resistance. If the incoming voltage is less than anticipated, the resulting consumption (by the bulb) will be lower than 100 watts.
To further confuse things… A motor is a constant power device. When the voltage drops, your Central AC motor is going to draw more current to maintain constant power. The increased current increases the I²R losses described above.
All in all, the short duration usage patterns of residential customers make the savings VERY small. Replacing your wiring would not provide a reasonable payback. Upsizing during new construction may ultimately pay off on some circuits in the home, but be a waste of money on others.